Assessing current cropping patterns in a semi-arid basin using cost-benefit and water productivity indicators

Nabavi, Seyedsaeid; Malekian, Arash; Mashhadi, Naser; Ahmadaali, Khaled; Mostafazadeh, Raoof; Shahbazi, Ali

doi:10.22098/mmws.2026.18950.1739

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	Assessing current cropping patterns in a semi-arid basin using cost-benefit and water productivity indicators
مدل سازی و مدیریت آب و خاک
مقاله 13، دوره 6، شماره 2، 1405، صفحه 252-266 اصل مقاله (5.29 M)
نوع مقاله: Special Issue: New Approaches to Water and Soil Management and Modeling
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/mmws.2026.18950.1739
نویسندگان
Seyedsaeid Nabavi¹؛ Arash Malekian^* ²؛ Naser Mashhadi³؛ Khaled Ahmadaali⁴؛ Raoof Mostafazadeh⁵؛ Ali Shahbazi⁶
¹Ph.D. Candidate of Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering, Department of Reclamation of Arid & Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
²Professor, Department of Reclamation of Arid & Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
³Assistant Professor, International Desert Research Center, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
⁴Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
⁵Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Member of Water Management Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
⁶Ph.D. of Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering, Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization of Alborz Province, Karaj, Iran
چکیده
Optimal crop patterns improve both profitability and sustainability in land resource management. This study assessed current crop patterns in the Baliqlu Chay River Basin using water productivity, efficiency, labor, and net profit indices. Data from Ardabil, Nir, and Sareyn (2022–2023) show that potato is the most water- and labor-intensive crop (~6,000 m³/ha and >30 person-days/ha) but yields the highest net profit (~2.67 billion IRR/ha). Wheat has the lowest profit (0.5–0.6 billion IRR/ha) due to lower input requirements. Barley, alfalfa, and canola are more suitable for water-limited conditions. Spatially, Ardabil accounts for 91.8% of basin profits, while Nir and Sareyn contribute less than 5%, indicating strong regional disparities. The results show that expanding cultivated area alone does not ensure higher returns; instead, adaptive water management and efficient use of inputs are crucial. Crop performance was further assessed using water productivity indicators, including PWP, GEWP, and NEWP. Despite its relatively high water requirement, potato exhibits the highest water productivity among the studied crops, with PWP values ranging from approximately 5.0 to 5.8 kg/m³, GEWP from 454 to 527 thousand IRR/m³, and NEWP from 348 to 526 thousand IRR/m³. Wheat, although characterized by lower physical productivity (PWP≈1.1-1.9 kg/m³), remains a strategic staple crop with comparatively favorable economic water productivity (NEWP≈133-250 thousand IRR/m³). In contrast, barley, canola, and particularly alfalfa demonstrate lower water productivity levels, with alfalfa exhibiting the lowest net economic water productivity (NEWP≈38-79 thousand IRR/m³). This lower efficiency indicates alfalfa’s agro-ecological role in fodder production and soil improvement rather than economic water productivity. The results support adaptive cropping systems that combine economic and hydrological indicators to reduce water stress while improving watershed-scale sustainability.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Economic analysis؛ Net crop profit؛ Crop water requirement؛ Baliqlu Chay Watershed؛ Regional agricultural policy

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Assessing current cropping patterns in a semi-arid basin using cost-benefit and water productivity indicators