Integrated biotic and abiotic indicators for evaluating ecosystem health in the Qara-Su River, Iran

Asadisharif, Ehsan; Rahim Pouran, Shima; Salimi Godeh Kahriz, Amin; Bayrami, Abolfazl

doi:10.22098/mmws.2025.18793.1725

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

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	Integrated biotic and abiotic indicators for evaluating ecosystem health in the Qara-Su River, Iran
مدل سازی و مدیریت آب و خاک
مقاله 10، دوره 6، شماره 2، 1405، صفحه 193-208 اصل مقاله (677.7 K)
نوع مقاله: Special Issue: New Approaches to Water and Soil Management and Modeling
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/mmws.2025.18793.1725
نویسندگان
Ehsan Asadisharif¹؛ Shima Rahim Pouran^* ²؛ Amin Salimi Godeh Kahriz³؛ Abolfazl Bayrami³
¹Offshore Fisheries Research Centre, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran
²Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
³Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده
Increasing anthropogenic pressures have intensified contamination in river ecosystems, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive environmental evaluations. This study was designed to evaluate the ecological quality of the Qara-Su River in Ardabil Province, Iran, using a combination of biotic and abiotic metrics. Macroinvertebrate sampling was conducted across four stations from June 2021 to April 2022 using a Surber sampler, yielding a total of 5,092 specimens representing ten taxonomic orders. Water and sediment samples were analyzed for lead and cadmium concentrations, and macroinvertebrate communities were assessed to compute diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, evenness, dominance) and biotic indices (HFBI, BMWP). Additional evaluations included bioconcentration (BCF), biota–sediment accumulation (BSAF), and contamination indices (I_geo, Er, RI, HPI). Correlation analysis was used to explore relationships between biotic and abiotic variables. The results revealed that the Pb and Cd content were elevated in both water and biota, particularly in Hydropsychidae, and exceeded permissible limits at downstream sites. Seasonal water-quality patterns showed higher nutrient loads and lower dissolved oxygen during warmer periods, along with consistently greater pollution at downstream stations exposed to cumulative agricultural, domestic, and aquaculture inputs. The strong correlations between abiotic and biotic indices confirmed the reliability of macroinvertebrate-based assessment. The combination of biotic and abiotic indicators revealed spatial variation in ecological health along the Qara-Su River, highlighting localized pollution risks masked by average conditions. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating multiple assessment tools to support targeted river management and mitigation strategies.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Environmental monitoring؛ Macroinvertebrate community؛ Sediment quality؛ Qara-Su River

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Integrated biotic and abiotic indicators for evaluating ecosystem health in the Qara-Su River, Iran