پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 453 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,025 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 6,780,971 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 4,537,437 |
An LCL-filtered Single-phase Multilevel Inverter for Grid Integration of PV Systems | ||
| Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 4، شماره 1، شهریور 2016، صفحه 54-65 اصل مقاله (272.82 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research paper | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Mohammad Farhadi Kangarlu* 1؛ Ebrahim Babaei2؛ Frede Blaabjerg3 | ||
| 1Urmia University | ||
| 2Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Integration of the PV into the electrical grid needs power electronic interface. This power electronic interface should have some key features and should come up with grid codes. One of the important criteria is the quality and harmonic contents of the current being injected to the grid. High-order harmonics of the grid current should be very limited (lower than 0.3% of the fundamental current). Beside the topology of the power electronic interface, the output filter also affects the quality of the grid current. In this paper, a 5-level inverter is presented for grid integration of PV systems along with its output LCL filter design. Analytical calculation of losses for the 5-level inverter and the output LCL filter is presented. It is also compared to the H-bridge inverter in terms of output voltage and current harmonics, and the overall losses. Second-order generalized integral phase locked loop is used to synchronize the system with the grid voltage and the proportional resonant (PR) with harmonic compensation control method is used to control the output current. The proposed system has been simulated in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment to verify its operation and control. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Multilevel inverter؛ PV؛ LCL filter؛ MPPT | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] D. Meneses, F. Blaabjerg, O. Garcia and J. A. Cobos, “Review and comparison of step-up transformer less topologies for photovoltaic AC-module application,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 2649-2663, 2013.
[2] S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen and F. Blaabjerg, “A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 2649-2663, 2005.
[3] S. Saridakis, E. Koutroulis and F. Blaabjerg, “Optimal design of modern transformer less PV inverter topologies,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 394-404, 2013.
[4] E. Koutroulis and F. Blaabjerg, “Design optimization of transformerless grid-connected PV inverters including reliability,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 325-335, 2013.
[5] T. F. Wu, C. H. Chang and Y. J. Wu, “Single-stage converters for PV lighting systems with MPPT and energy backup,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace Electronic Systems, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 1306-1317, 1999.
[6] B. Subudhi and R. Pradhan, “A comparative study on maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic power systems,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 89-98, 2013.
[7] Y. Li, B. Ge, H. Abu-Rub and F. Z. Peng, “Control system design of battery-assisted quasi-Z-source inverter for grid-tie photovoltaic power generation,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 994-1001, 2013.
[8] Y. Huang, M. Shen, F. Z. Peng and J. Wang, “Z-Source inverter for residential photovoltaic systems,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1776-1782, 2006.
[9] H. Abu-Rub, A. Iqbal, S. M. Ahmed, F. Z. Peng, Y. Li and B. Ge, “Quasi-Z-source inverter-based photovoltaic generation system with maximum power tracking control using ANFIS,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 11-20, 2013.
[10] B. Ge, F. Z. Peng, H. Abu-Rub, F. E. Ferreira and A.T. de Almeida, “Novel energy stored single-stage photovoltaic power system with constant DC-link peak voltage,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 28-36, 2014.
[11] M. A. Mahmud, H. R. Pota and M. J. Hossain, “Nonlinear current control scheme for a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 218-227, 2014.
[12] M. Amirabadi, H. A. Toliyat and W. Alexander, “A multiport AC link PV inverter with reduced size and weight for stand-alone application,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 2217-2228, 2013.
[13] M. Kolhe, “Techno-economic optimum sizing of a stand-alone solar photovoltaic system,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 511-519, 2009.
[14] A. Bouabdallah, J. C. Olivier, S. Bourguet, M. Machmoum and E. Schaeffer, "Safe sizing methodology applied to a standalone photovoltaic system," Renewable Energy, vol. 80, pp. 266-274, 2015.
[15] R. Bakhshi, J. Sadeh and H. R. Mosaddegh, “Optimal economic designing of grid-connected photovoltaic systems with multiple inverters using linear and nonlinear module models based on genetic algorithm,” Renewable Energy, vol. 72, pp. 386-394, 2014.
[16] M. Farhadi Kangarlu and E. Babaei, “A generalized cascaded multilevel inverter using series connection of submultilevel inverters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 625-636, 2013.
[17] M. Farhadi Kangarlu and M. R. Alizadeh Pahlavani, “Cascaded multilevel converter based superconducting magnetic energy storage system for frequency control,” Energy, vol. 70, pp. 504-513, 2014.
[18] S. Daher, J. Schmid and F. L. M. Antunes, “Multilevel inverter topologies for stand-alone PV systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2703-2712, 2008.
[19] K. Bandara, T. Sweet and J. Ekanayake, “Photovoltaic applications for off-grid electrification using novel multi-level inverter technology with energy storage,” Renewable Energy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 82-88, 2012.
[20] S. Busquets-Mong, J. Rocabert, P. Rodriguez, S. Alepuz and J. Bordonau, “Multilevel diode-clamped converter for photovoltaic generators with independent voltage control of each solar array,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2713-2723, 2008.
[21] E. Ozdemir, S. Ozdemir and L.M. Tolbert, “Fundamental-frequency-modulated six-level diode-clamped multilevel inverter for three-phase stand-alone photovoltaic system,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 4407-4415, 2009.
[22] R. Gonzalez, E. Gubia, J. Lopez and L. Marroyo, “Transformerless single-phase multilevel-based photovoltaic inverter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2694-2702, 2008.
[23] E. Villanueva, P. Correa, J. Rodriguez and M. Pacas, “Control of a single-phase cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 4399-4406, 2009.
[24] C. Cecati, F. Ciancetta and P. Siano, “A multilevel inverter for photovoltaic systems with fuzzy logic control,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 4115-4125, 2010.
[25] J. Sastry, P. Bakas, H. Kim, L. Wang and A. Marinopoulos, “Evaluation of cascaded H-bridge inverter for utility-scale photovoltaic systems,” Renewable Energy, vol. 69, pp. 208-218, 2014.
[26] J. Chavarría, D. Biel, F. Guinjoan, C. Meza and J. J. Negroni, “Energy-balance control of PV cascaded multilevel grid-connected inverters under level-shifted and phase-shifted PWMs,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 98-111, 2013.
[27] Z. Wang, S. Fan, Y. Zheng and M. Cheng, “Design and analysis of a CHB converter based PV-battery hybrid system for better electromagnetic compatibility,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 4530-4533, 2012.
[28] J. Me, B. Xiao, Ke Shen, L.M. Tolbert and J. Y. Zheng, “Modular multilevel inverter with new modulation method and its application to photovoltaic grid-connected generator,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 5063-5073, 2013.
[29] G. Bin, J. Dominic, L. Jih-Sheng, C. Chien-Liang, T. LaBella and C. Baifeng, "High reliability and efficiency single-phase transformerless inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic systems," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 2235-2245, 2013.
[30] L. Wuhua, G. Yunjie, L. Haoze, C. Wenfeng, H. Xiangning and X. Changliang, "Topology review and derivation methodology of single-phase transformer less photovoltaic inverters for leakage current suppression," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, no. 7, pp. 4537-4551, 2015.
[31] B. N. Alajmi, K. H. Ahmed, G. P. Adam and B. W. Williams, "Single-phase single-stage transformer less grid-connected PV system," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 2664-2676, 2013.
[32] T. K. S. Freddy, N. A. Rahim, H. Wooi-Ping and C. Hang Seng, "Comparison and analysis of single-phase transformer less grid-connected PV inverters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 5358-5369, 2014.
[33] G. Buticchi, D. Barater, E. Lorenzani, C. Concari and G. Franceschini, "A nine-level grid-connected converter topology for single-phase transformerless PV systems," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3951-3960, 2014.
[34] E. Babaei, M. Farhadi Kangarlu and M. Sabahi, “Extended multilevel converters: An attempt to reduce the number of independent DC voltage sources in cascaded multilevel converters,” IET Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 157-166, 2014.
[35] M. Ciobotaru, R. Teodorescu and F. Blaabjerg, “A new single-phase PLLstructure based on second order generalized integrator,” in Proceedings of the 37th IEEE Power Electronics Specialist Conference, pp. 1-6, 2006.
[36] Y. Yang, F. Blaabjerg and Z. Zou, "Benchmarking of grid fault modes in single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic systems", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 2167-2176, 2013.
[37] P. Channegowda and V. John, “Filter optimization for grid interactive voltage source inverters,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 4106-4114, 2010.
[38] M. Liserre, F. Blaabjerg and S. Hansen, “Design and control of an LCL filter-based three-phase active rectifier,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1281-1291, 2005.
[39] W. Wu, Y. He and F. Blaabjerg, “An LLCL power filter for single-phase grid-tied inverter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 782-789, 2012.
[40] F. Blaabjerg, U. Jaeger, S. Munk-Nielsen and J. K. Pedersen, “Power losses in PWM-VSI inverter usinh NPT or PT IGBT devices,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 358-367, 1995.
[41] W. Eberle, Z. Zhang, Y. F. Liu and P. C. Sen, “A practical switching loss model for buck voltage regulators,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 700-713, 2009. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 3,242 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 3,069 |
||