Digital elevation model based-morphometric characterization of Pambujan River Basin in Northern Samar, Philippines

Sagadal, Deodatus G.; Licas, Felix S.; Jao Jr., Eladio B.

doi:10.22098/mmws.2025.18366.1692

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	Digital elevation model based-morphometric characterization of Pambujan River Basin in Northern Samar, Philippines
مدل سازی و مدیریت آب و خاک
مقاله 4، دوره 6، شماره 2، 1405، صفحه 52-66 اصل مقاله (9.16 M)
نوع مقاله: Special Issue: New Approaches to Water and Soil Management and Modeling
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/mmws.2025.18366.1692
نویسندگان
Deodatus G. Sagadal^* ¹؛ Felix S. Licas²؛ Eladio B. Jao Jr.¹
¹Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Eastern Philippines, Catarman, Northern Samar, Philippines
²Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Eastern Philippines, Catarman, Northern Samar, Philippines
چکیده
This study analyzed the morphometric characteristics of the Pambujan River Basin in Northern Samar, Philippines, to address the limited data on its linear, areal, and relief aspects essential for hydrological analysis and flood management. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-based morphometric analysis was conducted using a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework to characterize the basin and provide scientific insights for flood risk mitigation. The analysis employed Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM data, the Digital Soil Map of the World, and Sentinel-2 10-meter Land Use/Land Cover data processed in Quantum GIS to delineate watershed boundaries, extract drainage networks, and compute morphometric parameters. Results revealed that the Pambujan River Basin covers an area of 587 km², with a perimeter of 213 km and a main channel length of 139.4 km. The basin, classified as a fourth-order stream system with 94 streams totaling 498 km, exhibited an average bifurcation ratio of 4.3, indicating a dendritic and structurally undisturbed drainage pattern with moderate flood susceptibility. Areal parameters, including a low drainage density (0.75 km/km²) and stream frequency (0.16 km⁻²), suggest limited drainage efficiency and delayed hydrologic response, increasing floodplain inundation risk during extreme rainfall. The elongation ratio (0.51) characterizes the basin as elongated, implying longer concentration and lag times (17 hours) and lower but prolonged peak discharge. Relief analysis indicates a maximum basin relief of 397 m, a relief ratio of 0.0073, and a ruggedness number of 0.29, reflecting gently sloping terrain with minimal erosion potential. However, its elongated form may prolong floodwater retention during extended rainfall, requiring continuous monitoring. Upstream soil and water conservation practices such as reforestation and contour farming are recommended. The estimated lag time can guide DRRM offices and local planners in improving community-based flood management and early warning systems. Integrating morphometric results with hydrological models like HEC-HMS, alongside climate and land use data, is encouraged for better flood prediction. The study’s outcomes can support water resource planning for irrigation, domestic use, and power generation. Overall, the findings emphasize the importance of morphometric analysis in sustainable watershed management and disaster risk reduction for the Pambujan River Basin.
کلیدواژه‌ها
River Basin؛ QGIS Basin Model؛ Drainage Morphometry؛ Watershed Characteristics؛ Geomorphology

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Digital elevation model based-morphometric characterization of Pambujan River Basin in Northern Samar, Philippines