The Role of Neuroticism, Marital Empathy, and Marital Forgiveness in Predicting Marital Satisfaction in Married Women
Journal of Family Relations Studies
مقاله 5 ، دوره 5، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 18 ، آبان 2025، صفحه 42-54 1.05 M )
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/jfrs.2024.14185.1159 نویسندگان
Hossein Tahmasby* 1 Yadollah Khorramabadi 2 1 Master of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Kabudar Ahang Branch, Hamadan, Iran.2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iranچکیده Objective: This research was conducted to investigate the role of neuroticism, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness in predicting marital satisfaction in married women.Methods: The research method utilized in the present study was the correlation-regression method. The research population comprised married women residing in the geographical area of Lorestan province. The research sample was selected using the multi-stage cluster random sampling method, with a total of 840 participants. The instruments of the present study comprised standard questionnaires, including the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale, the NEO-FFI Questionnaire, the Marital Empathy Scale, and the Marital Forgiveness Scale. Employing SPSS software, the acquired data underwent comprehensive analysis.Results: Through multiple linear regression, the model explains 46% of marital satisfaction variance. Standardized coefficients highlight neuroticism's adverse impact, while empathy and forgiveness positively influence satisfaction. A unit increase in forgiveness and empathy corresponds to 0.349 and 0.285 satisfaction units, respectively, whereas neuroticism predicts a 0.324 unit decrease. Hierarchically, forgiveness exerts the greatest influence, followed by neuroticism and empathy.Conclusion: This research emphasizes the need to address neuroticism, encourage marital empathy, and promote forgiveness as essential factors enhancing marital satisfaction, offering valuable insights for individuals and professionals in family counseling, therapy, and policymaking.کلیدواژهها
Empathy ؛ Forgiveness ؛ Marital Satisfaction ؛ Married Women ؛ Neuroticism
مراجع
Aalgaard, R. A., Bolen, R. M., & Nugent, W. R. (2016). A literature review of forgiveness as a beneficial intervention to increase relationship satisfaction in couples therapy. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment , 26(1), 46-55. Doi: 10.1080/10911359.2015.1059166
Abid, M., Saleem, S., & Bukhari, A. (2022). Personality and Marital Satisfaction in Dual Earner Couples: A Mediating Role of Social Support. MOJPC: Malaysia Online Journal of Psychology & Counselling , 9(2), 52-62. https://vmis.um.edu.my/index.php/MOJC/article/view/40919
Ahmadi Ardakani, Z., & Fatemi Oghada, N. (2019). Examining the model of relationship between attachment styles and marital satisfaction: the mediating roles of forgiveness and empathy. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , 62(December), 15-25. (Persian). Doi: 10.22038/mjms.2019.13910
Albiero, P., Matricardi, G., Speltri, D., & Toso, D. (2009). The assessment of empathy in adolescence: A contribution to the Italian validation of the “Basic Empathy Scale”. Journal of Adolescence , 32(2), 393-408. Doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.01.001
Azarkish, M., Naderi, F., Askari, P., & Heidarei, A. (2017). Effectiveness of Sexual Education on Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness and Marriage Stability of Married Women in Abadan City. Community Health Journal , 11 (3, 4), 20-29. (Persian). Doi: 10.22123/chj.2018.121280.1110
Berry, J. W., & Worthington Jr, E. L. (2001). Forgiveness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology , 48(4), 447. Doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.48.4.447
Bolger, N., & Schilling, E. A. (1991). Personality and the problems of everyday life: The role of neuroticism in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. Journal of Personality , 59(3), 355-386. Doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00253.x
Bolger, N., & Zuckerman, A. (1995). A framework for studying personality in the stress process. Journal of personality and social psychology , 69(5), 890-902. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.890
Bouchard, G., Lussier, Y., & Sabourin, S. (1999). Personality and marital adjustment: Utility of the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Marriage and the Family , 651-660. Doi: 10.2307/353567
Brett, J. D., Becerra, R., Maybery, M. T., & Preece, D. A. (2023). The psychometric assessment of empathy: Development and validation of the Perth empathy scale. Assessment , 30(4), 1140-1156. Doi: 10.1177/10731911221086987
Brudek, P., & Kaleta, K. (2023). Marital offence-specific forgiveness as mediator in the relationships between personality traits and marital satisfaction among older couples: Perspectives on Lars Tornstam's theory of gerotranscendence. Ageing & Society , 43(1), 161-179. Doi: 10.1017/s0144686x21000465
Butler, M., Turiano, N. A., Buckley, L., McGeehan, M., & O'Súilleabháin, P. (2023). Neuroticism facets and mortality risk in adulthood: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Psyarxiv . Doi: 10.31234/osf.io/w3g2x
Cao, H., Yuan, X., Fine, M., Zhou, N., & Fang, X. (2019). Neuroticism and marital satisfaction during the early years of Chinese marriage: The mediating roles of marital attribution and aggression. Family process , 58(2), 478-495. Doi: 10.1111/famp.12356
Caughlin, J. P., Huston, T. L., & Houts, R. M. (2000). How does personality matter in marriage? An examination of trait anxiety, interpersonal negativity, and marital satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 78(2), 326-336. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.326
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Neo personality inventory-revised (NEO PI-R). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources .
Czechowska-Bieluga, M., & Lewicka-Zelent, A. (2021). Marital satisfaction–a literature review. Wychowanie w Rodzinie , 27(2/ 2021), 155-172. Doi: 10.34616/wwr.2021.2.155.172
Enright, R. D., & Fitzgibbons, R. P. (2015). Forgiveness therapy: An empirical guide for resolving anger and restoring hope. American Psychological Association . Washington, DC. Doi: 10.1037/14526-000
Fenell, D. L. (1993). Characteristics of long-term first marriages. Journal of Mental Health Counseling , 15, 446-460. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1994-09260-001
Fernandes-Pires, J. A., del Sequeros Pedroso-Chaparro, M., Jiménez-Gonzalo, L., Márquez-González, M., Cabrera, I., & Losada-Baltar, A. (2023). Marital Satisfaction and Mental Health in Adults Over 40 Years Old. Associations with Self-Perceptions of Aging and Stress Related to the COVID–19 Pandemic. The Spanish Journal of Psychology , 26 , e14. Doi: 10.1017/sjp.2023.13
Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. (2002). Forgiveness in marriage: Implications for psychological aggression and constructive communication. Personal Relationships , 9(3), 239-251. Doi: 10.1111/1475-6811.00016
Fincham, F. D., & Linfield, K. J. (1997). A new look at marital quality: Can spouses feel positive and negative about their marriage?. Journal of Family Psychology , 11(4), 489–502. Doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.11.4.489-502
Fincham, F. D., Beach, S. R., & Davila, J. (2004). Forgiveness and conflict resolution in marriage. Journal of Family Psychology , 18(1), 72. Doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.18.1.72
Finkel, E. J., Rusbult, C. E., Kumashiro, M., & Hannon, P. A. (2002). Dealing with betrayal in close relationships: Does commitment promote forgiveness?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 82(6), 956-974. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.956
Fupšová, T., & Záhorcová, L. (2022). Empathy and Humility as Predictors of Forgiveness towards One’s Partner and Relationship Satisfaction in Young Adults. Studia Psychologica , 64(3), 243-255. Doi: 10.31577/sp.2022.03.851
Ghafurian Ghahramani, S., & Mahdavian, A. (2022). Predicting Marital satisfaction based on Empathy, Marital commitment, and Attachment styles of married women in Tehran. Clinical Psychology and Personality , 19 (2), 71-80. (Persian). Doi: 10.22070/cpap.2022.15529.1171
Gharadaghi, A., & Masoumi Ala, S. (2022). Investigating the Role of Emotional Self-Awareness, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, and Social Adequacy in Predicting Marital Satisfaction. Journal of Family Relations Studies , 2 (4), 32-39. doi: 10.22098/jhrs.2022.9781.1034
Gordon, K. C. (2003). Forgiveness and marriage: Preliminary support for a measure based on a model of recovery from a marital betrayal. American Journal of Family Therapy , 31(3), 179-199. Doi: 10.1080/01926180301115
Gordon, K. C., Hughes, F. M., Tomcik, N. D., Dixon, L. J., & Litzinger, S. C. (2009). Widening spheres of impact: The role of forgiveness in marital and family functioning. Journal of Family Psychology , 23(1), 1-13. Doi: 10.1037/a0014354
Hoesni, S. M., & Zakaria, S. M. (2022). Exploring Relationships Between Personality Traits and Marital Satisfaction among Urban Malays Using Malaysian Samples: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences , 12(4), 1419-1428. Doi: 10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i4/13222
Jafari, M. A., Nooroozi, Z., & Foolad Chang, M. (2017). The study of factor structure, reliability, and validity of the basic empathy scale: Persian form. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies , 14 (25), 23-38. (Persian). Doi: 10.22111/jeps.2017.3099
Jahan, M. R., Mohamadi, A., & Ghadami, M. (2021). The Role of Quality of Life, Adjustment, and Forgiveness in Predicting Marital Satisfaction among Mothers with Slow-Paced Children. Empowering Exceptional Children , 12 (2), 96-107. (Persian). Doi: 10.22034/ceciranj.2020.240937.1419
Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Journal of Adolescence , 29(4), 589-611. Doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010
Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological bulletin , 118(1), 3. Doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3
Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1997). Neuroticism, marital interaction, and the trajectory of marital satisfaction. Journal of personality and social psychology , 72(5), 1075-1092. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.72.5.1075
Kasalova, P., Prasko, J., Holubová, M., Vrbova, K., Zmeskalova, D., Slepecky, M., & Grambal, A. (2017). Anxiety disorders and marital satisfaction. Neuroendocrinology Letters , 38 (8), 555-564. Doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1885
Kaveh Farsani, Z. (2021). Mediating Role of Relationship Attributions and Marital Forgiveness on the Relationship between Neuroticism, Attachment Styles, and Marital Satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Research , 20 (79): 31-60. (Persian). Doi: 10.18502/qjcr.v20i79.7341
Khademi, A., Valipour, M., Moradzadeh Khorasani, L., & Neishabouri, S. (2015). Relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction and its components among married couples. J Appl Psychol , 8 (4), 95-109. (Persian). https://www.sid.ir/fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=493212
Koucheki, A. M., Shariatnia, K., Asadi, A., & Mirani, A. (2022). The mediating role of psychological basic needs in the relationship between personality traits and students’ happiness. Journal of Psychological Science , 21 (118), 2091-2106. (Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/JPS.21.118.2091
Kuhnley, A. K., Nguyen, T. H., Gantt, A. C., & Hinkley, P. (2023). Creatively increasing empathy: The impacts of an online empathy workshop. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health , 18(1), 60-72. Doi: 10.1080/15401383.2021.1936328
Kurdek, L. A. (1991). Marital stability and changes in marital quality in newlywed couples: A test of the contextual model. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 8(1), 27-48. Doi: 10.1177/0265407591081002
Łada, A., & Kaźmierczak, M. (2019). Negative arousability and relationship satisfaction: The mediating role of empathy. Roczniki Psychologiczne , 22(1), 73-90. Doi: 10.18290/rpsych.2019.22.1-5
Lavee, Y., & Ben-Ari, A. (2004). Emotional expressiveness and neuroticism: Do they predict marital quality?. Journal of Family Psychology , 18(4), 620-627. Doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.18.4.620
Li, J., Qiu, J., & Li, H. (2023). Connectome-based predictive modeling of trait forgiveness. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience , 18(1), nsad002. Doi: 10.1093/scan/nsad002
McCullough, M. E., & Worthington Jr, E. L. (1995). Promoting forgiveness: A comparison of two brief psychoeducational group interventions with a waiting‐list control. Counseling and Values , 40(1), 55-68. Doi: 10.1002/j.2161-007x.1995.tb00387.x
Menahem, S., & Love, M. (2013). Forgiveness in psychotherapy: The key to healing. Journal of Clinical Psychology , 69(8), 829-835. Doi: 10.1002/jclp.22018
Mendes-Teixeira, A. I., & Duarte, C. (2021). Forgiveness and Marital Satisfaction: A Systematic Review. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão , 41. Doi: 10.1590/1982-3703003200730
Mohammadi Farshi, A., Shahnazari, M., Bahrami Hidaji, M., Peyvandi, P., & Mohammadi Shirmahaleh, F. (2022). The efficacy of cognitive therapy based on acceptance and commitment, with a focus on self-compassion, emotional schemas, and empathy in couples. Journal of Psychological Science , 21 (120), 2449-2467. (Persian). Doi: 10.52547/JPS.21.120.2449
Murphy, C. M., & O'Leary, K. D. (1989). Psychological aggression predicts physical aggression in early marriage. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology , 57(5), 579-582. Doi: 10.1037/0022-006x.57.5.579
Murray, S. L., Holmes, J. G., & Griffin, D. W. (1996). The benefits of positive illusions: Idealization and the construction of satisfaction in close relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology , 70(1), 79-98. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.79
Naderi, L., & Nory, A. (2017). The prediction of marital satisfaction of couples in Isfahan based on empathy and forgiveness. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology , 16 (4), 69-75. (Persian). https://jsr-p.isfahan.iau.ir/article_533992.html?lang=fa
Olson, D. H., Fournier, D. G., & Druckman, J. M. (1987). Counselor’s manual for PREPARE/ENRICH. Revised edition. Minneapolis .
Paleari, F. G., Regalia, C., & Fincham, F. (2005). Marital quality, forgiveness, empathy, and rumination: A longitudinal analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31(3), 368-378. Doi: 10.1177/0146167204271597
Paleari, F. G., Regalia, C., & Fincham, F. D. (2009). Measuring offence-specific forgiveness in marriage: the Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale (MOFS). Psychological Assessment , 21(2), 194–209. Doi: 10.1037/a0016068
Park, H., Forthman, K. L., Kuplicki, R., Victor, T. A., Yeh, H. W., Thompson, W. K., ... & Paulus, M. P. (2023). Polygenic risk for neuroticism is associated with less efficient control in more difficult situations. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging , 111716. Doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111716
Parpaee, R., Amiri, H., & Arefi, M. (2022). Causal pattern of couples' satisfaction based on personality trait components by mediating role of mother-child relationship. Family and Health , 11 (4), 27-39. (Persian). https://journal.astara.ir/article_251715.html?lang=fa
Plopa, M., Kaźmierczak, M., & Karasiewicz, K. (2019). The quality of parental relationships and dispositional empathy as predictors of satisfaction during the transition to marriage. Journal of Family Studies , 25(2), 170-183. Doi: 10.1080/13229400.2016.1211550
Rabiee, N., Koochakentezar, R., Ghanbari Panah, A., & Kooshki, S. (2023). Predicting marital commitment based on dark triad traits and the Big Five of personality. Journal of Psychological Science , 22 (126), 1103-1120. (Persian). Doi: 10.52547/JPS.22.126.1103
Ragabi, G., Harizavi, M., & Taghipour, M. (2017). Evaluating the model of the relationship between self-compassion, marital empathy, and depression with mediating marital forgiveness in females. Biannual journal of applied counseling , 6 (2), 1-22. (Persian). Doi: 10.22055/jac.2017.21290.1422
Rajabi, G., Kazemi, F., & Shiralinia, K. (2022). Evaluating the Model of the Relationship between Mindfulness and Marital Satisfaction with Mediation of Marital Empathy. Journal of Applied Psychological Research , 13 (1), 183-198. (Persian). Doi: 10.22059/japr.2022.320767.643793
Ridge, R. D., Busath, G. L., Mead, B. G., & Hedges-Muncy, A. (2023). How do I pardon thee?: The effects of relationship type, account type, and gender on offence-specific forgiveness. Cogent Psychology , 10(1), 2251208. Doi: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2251208
Roberts, K., Jaurequi, M. E., Kimmes, J. G., & Selice, L. (2021). Trait mindfulness and relationship satisfaction: The role of forgiveness among couples. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy , 47(1), 196-207. Doi: 10.1111/jmft.12440
Roberts, L. J., & Krokoff, L. J. (1990). A time-series analysis of withdrawal, hostility, and displeasure in satisfied and dissatisfied marriages. Journal of Marriage and the Family , 95-105. Doi: 10.2307/352842
Saeedi, Z. (2024). Predicting Marital Satisfaction based on Attitudes Towards Gender Roles and Identity Styles in Couples. Journal of Family Relations Studies , 4 (14), 31-40. Doi:10.22098/jfrs.2024.14297.1163
Sayehmiri, K., Kareem, K. I., Abdi, K., Dalvand, S., & Gheshlagh, R. G. (2020). The relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychology , 8(1), 1-8. Doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-0383-z
Shackelford, T. K., & Buss, D. M. (2000). Marital satisfaction and spousal cost-infliction. Personality and Individual Differences , 28(5), 917-928. Doi: 10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00150-6
Shokrzadeh, Z., Alijani, F., Amiri Majd, M., & Babakhani, V. (2024). Comparing the effectiveness of marital life enrichment program based on Enrich model and Time model on marital satisfaction in couples applying for divorce. Journal of Family Relations Studies , 4 (14), 49-57. Doi: 10.22098/jfrs.2023.12247.1100
Soleimanian, A. A. (1994). The study of irrational thinking based on a cognitive approach to marital dissatisfaction [dissertation]. Tehran: Tarbiat Moalem University . (Persian).
Surguladze, S., & Bergen-Cico, D. (2020). Empathy in a broader context: development, mechanisms, remediation. Frontiers in Psychiatry , 11 , 529. Doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00529
Vojdany, S., Golzari, M., & Borjali, A. (2014). The Effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on depression and marital satisfaction of depressed women. Journal of Applied Psychology , 8 (2), 30. (Persian). https://sid.ir/paper/518369/fa
Wen, X., Zhang, Q., Zhou, Y., Du, J., & Xu, W. (2022). Mindfulness and intimate relationship satisfaction in daily life: The role of empathy. PsyCh Journal , 11(4), 500-509. Doi: 10.1002/pchj.535
Worthington Jr, E. L. (2006). Forgiveness and reconciliation: Theory and application. Routledge . Doi: 10.4324/9780203942734
Yang, L., Yang, Z., & Yang, J. (2023). The effect of marital satisfaction on the self-assessed depression of husbands and wives: investigating the moderating effects of the number of children and neurotic personality. BMC Psychology , 11 (1), 1-14. Doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01200-8
Yi, Z., Wu, D., & Deng, M. (2023). Beliefs about the Nature of Forgiveness and Avoidance of an Offender among Chinese College Students. Behavioral Sciences , 13(9), 747. Doi: 10.3390/bs13090747
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 413
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 95
