The Effectiveness of Group Emotional Schema Therapy in Reducing Feelings of Loneliness and Rumination in Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children

Ahmadi, H., Hemti-Alamdarloo, Q. (2014). Comparing feelings of loneliness in mothers of students with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Nasim Tandorsti (Family Health), 4, 3: 50-57. [In Persian]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/128368/en

Arani, Z., Khari-Arani, M., HajBagheri, A., Akbarzadeh, A., & Arani, F. (2014). Social adjustment and mothers of educable mentally retarded children, Scientific-Research Quarterly in Psychological Health, 7(2): 65-56. [In Persian].  Dor:20.1001.1.20080166.1392.7.2.6.2

Azad, R., Aleyasin, SA. (2023). The Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on the Psychological Well-Being, Resilience and Meaning of Life of Mothers of Mentally Retarded Children. Rooyesh - e -Ravanshenasi Journal, 12 (5): 161-172. [In Persian]. Doi:20.1001.1.2383353.1402.12.5.16.8

Bagherinejad, M., Salehi Fedredi, J., & Tabatabai, S. (2010). The relationship between rumination and depression in a sample of Iranian students. Research in Clinical Psychology and Counselin, 11 (1), 38- 21. [In Persian]. Doi:10.22067/ijap.v11i1.6910

Bakhshipoor, A., Shahideh, M., & Aghdasi, N. (2021). The Effectiveness of Hope-Based Group Therapy in Improving Mental Health Components in Mothers of Intellectual Disability Children. Family and Health, 10(4), 145-155. [In Persian]. https://journal.astara.ir/article_253264.html?lang=en

Barbosa, M.A., Choud, M. N. & Gomes, M. M. (2008). Experiences of mother of disables children: A phenomenological study. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 21 (1): 46-52.  Doi:10.1590/S0103-21002008000100007

Burmaoglu, G. (2021). Comparison of the effect of mindfulness based on stress reduction and dialectical behavior therapy on reducing depression in mothers with handicapped children in rehabilitation centers. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 15(3), 885-890. https://pjmhsonline.com/2021/march/885.pdf

Cooper CE, McLanahan SS, Meadows SO, Brooks‐Gunn J. (2009). Family structure transitions and maternal parenting stress. Journal of Marriage and Family. 71(3):558-74. Doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00619.x

Di Tommasso, E., Brannen, C., & Best, L. (2004). Measurement and validity characteristics of the short version of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(1), 99-119. Doi:10.1177/0013164403258450

Endriyani, S., & Yunike, Y. (2017). Having children with mental retardation. International Journal of Public Health Science, 6(4), 331-6. Doi:10.11591/ijphs.v6iv.10779

Farahani, M., HamidiPoor, R., Heidari, H. (2021). Effectiveness of Native Solution-focused Therapy based on Narrations of Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children on Their Resilience. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences, 18 (4) :503-509. [In Persian]. http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-856-fa.html

Gerst-Emerson, K. & Jayawardhana, J. (2015). Loneliness as a public health issue: The impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults. American Journal of Public Health. 105 (5): 1013-9. Doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302427

Ghadampour E, Hosseini Ramaghani N, Moradi S, Moradiyani Gizeh Rod K, Alipour K. (2018). Effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy on Decrease of Post-Event Rumination and Cognitive Avoidance in People With Clinical Symptoms of Social Anxiety. Intern Med Today. 24 (2) :111-118. [In Persian]. http://imtj.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2754-en.html

Ghadiani, M., & Nejad Hosseini, S. (2020). Comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and therapy based on emotional efficiency on rumination and emotional expression of divorced women in Tehran. Applied Family Therapy Journal (AFTJ), 1(3), 188-203. https://journals.kmanpub.com/index.php/aftj/article/view/260

Hemati-Alamdarloo, G., Ahmadi, H. & Teymouri-Asfichi, M. (2018) The role of loneliness in predicting of general health in mothers of students with neuro-developmental disabilities. Quarterly journal of social work; 6 (4); 33-42. [In Persian]. http://socialworkmag.ir/article-1-331-en.html

Jahanbakshi, Z., Ghalandarnejad, B. & Keshavarz Afshar, H. (2024). Predictors of Loneliness in Girls: Perceived Parenting Styles and Parent-Child Conflict Resolution Tactics. Journal of Family Relations Studies, 4 (13): 13-22. Doi:10.22098/jfrs.2024.14226.1161

Johnson, D.P., & Whisman, M.A. (2013). Gender differences in rumination: A meta-analysis. Personality and individual differences, 55(4), 367-374. Doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.03.019

Jokar, B., Salimi, A. (2012). Psychometric properties of the short form of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SELSA-S). International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 5 (4): 311-317. [In Persian]. https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67748.html

Küçük, E.E, Alemdar D.K. (2018). Life satisfaction and psychological status of mothers with disabled children: a descriptive study. Community mental health journal. 54(1):102-6. Doi:10.1007/s10597-017-0135-6

Leahy, R.L. (2015). Emotional schema therapy. New York: Guilford. https://www.guilford.com/books/Emotional-Schema-Therapy/Robert-Leahy/9781462540792

Leahy, R.L. (2007). Emotional schemas and resistance to change in anxiety disorder.
Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 14(1), 36–45. Doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2006.08.001

Leahy, R.L. (2019). Introduction: Emotional schemas and emotional schema therapy. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 12(1), 1-4. Doi:10.1007/s41811-018-0038-5

Malehmir, B., Nozari, A., Rafieerad, Z. & Keyvanlo, S. (2021). [Explaining Corona Anxiety based on Intolerance of Uncertainty, Psychological Hardiness, and Social Support with the Mediation of Rumination.  Human Relations Studies, 1(1):21-33. [In Persian]. Doi:10.22098/jhrs.2022.8850.1003

Malogiannis, I.A., Arntz, A., Spyropoulou, A., Tsartsara, E., Aggeli, A., Karveli, S., & et al. (2014). Schema therapy for patients with chronic depression: A single case series study. Journal of Behav Ther Exp Psychiat, 45(3), 29-319. Doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.02.003

Mohammadi, A., Maghribi-Sinki, H., Mohki, F., & Sharifi-Jandani, H., (2016). The role of parents in the social development of mentally retarded people, the first national conference of social sciences, educational sciences, psychology and social security, Tehran. [In Persian]. https://civilica.com/doc/672573

Mohammadi, F., Mirzaei, M., Soltani, N., & Fadaei, M. (2020). The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Mental Rumination and Anxiety in Obsessive-Compulsive Patients. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 62(6), 1945-1959. [In Persian]. Doi:10.22038/mjms.2020.15842

Nolen-Hoeksema , S., McBride, A., & Larson, J. (2009). Rumination and psychological distress among bereaved partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(21), 855–862. Doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.4.855

O’Connell, T., O’Halloran, M., & Doody, O. (2013). Raising a child with disability and dealing with life events: A mother’s journey. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 17(4), 376-386. Doi:10.1177/1744629513509794

Pirayeh, L., Baghouli, H., Hosseini, SE., & Barzegar, M. (2021). Comparing the effects of emotional schema therapy and schema therapy on rumination in patients with dysthymia. Disability Studies, 11, 1: 19-31. [In Persian]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/1029724/fa

Pratt, H. D., & Greydanus, D. E. (2007). Intellectual disability (mental retardation) in children and adolescents. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, 34(2), 375-386. Doi:10.1016/j.pop.2007.04.010

Qashqai, M., Olia Emadian, S. & Ghanadzadegan, H. (2023). Effectiveness of Schema-based Parenting Training on Mothers' Parental Self-Efficacy, Self-Concept and Parental Acceptance of Children with Internalized Disorders. Journal of Family Relations Studies, 3 (11): 31-40. Doi:10.22098/jfrs.2023.11864.1088

Sadeghi, M., Aalipour, K., Padervand, H., & Padervand, E. (2020). The effectiveness of dialectical behavioral group therapy on tolerance of distress and anger control skill in mothers with mentally retarded children. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 7(4), 54-66. [In Persian]. Doi:10.52547/shenakht.7.4.54

Salicru, S. (2023). The Healthy Adult in Schema Therapy: Using the Octopus Metaphor. Psychology, 14, 932-951. Doi:10.4236/psych.2023.146050

Segerstrom, S. & Miller, G. (2004). Psychological stress and the human immune system: A met analytic study of 30 years of inquiry. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 610-630. Doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.601

Siahposh, M., Motamedi, A., & Sohrabi, F. (2021). The effect of cognitive behavioral family therapy on general health and marital satisfaction of families with mentally retarded children in Khorramabad city. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 22(2), 47-58. [In Persian]. Doi:10.30486/jsrp.2019.1863433.1725

Sukmawati, I., Noviati, E., & Rahayu, T. T. (2023). Relationship Between Mother's Knowledge and Independence Medium Mentally Retarded Child. Genius Midwifery Journal, 2(1), 22-29.  Doi:10.56359/genmj.v2i1.176

Varmazyar, A., Makvandi, B., & Seraj-Khorrami, N. (2021). Effectiveness of Schema Therapy in Social Anxiety, Rumination, and Psychological Well-Being among Depressed Patients Referred to Health Centers in Abadan, Iran. Razavi International Journal of Medicine, 9(1), 32-39. [In Persian]. Doi:10.30483/rijm.2021.254157.1012