The relationship between alexithymia, cognitive avoidance, and distress tolerance with the dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms

Abdi, Reza; Naseri, Maryam; Mirmohamadi, Fereshteh

doi:10.22098/jrp.2022.10442.1073

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

تعداد نشریات	32
تعداد شماره‌ها	501
تعداد مقالات	4,461
تعداد مشاهده مقاله	7,745,848
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله	5,213,066

	The relationship between alexithymia, cognitive avoidance, and distress tolerance with the dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms
Journal of Research in Psychopathology
مقاله 1، دوره 4، شماره 11، 2023، صفحه 1-9 اصل مقاله (696.65 K)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/jrp.2022.10442.1073
نویسندگان
Reza Abdi¹؛ Maryam Naseri^* ²؛ Fereshteh Mirmohamadi²
¹Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
²PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between alexithymia, cognitive avoidance, and distress tolerance with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. A total of 150 students (105 girls and 45 boys) from the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad participated in this research. The participants were asked to complete the Persian version of the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS -20), the Cognitive Avoidance Scale (CAQ), the Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (DTS), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and demographic data questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The highest correlation relationships were between Obsessive-Compulsive with a total score of Alexithymia (r=0.43), the total score of Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (r=0.39), the total score of Distress Tolerance Scale (r=-0.43), Checking sub-scale of Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (r=0.71), Cleaning sub-scale of Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (r=0.75), Slowness sub-scale of Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (r=0.48) and Doubting sub-scale of Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (r=0.68). This study showed that the subscales of cleanliness, revision, hesitation, and slowness of obsessive-compulsive disorder and emotional dyslexia, distress tolerance, and cognitive avoidance have the greatest contribution in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder. The results from the present study highlight the need to pay attention to these variables in the research and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Obsessive-compulsive disorder؛ Distress tolerance؛ Cognitive avoidance؛ Alexithymia

مراجع
Abolghasemi, A., Golpour, R., Narimani, M., Ghanbari, H. (2007). The effectiveness of two methods of cognitive reconstruction and attention control training on the correction of metacognitive beliefs of students suffering from exam anxiety. Journal of Psychology, 2, 2. doi:10.29252/nrip.irj.16.1.69 Akbari, M., Hamidpour, H., & Andoz, Z. (2009). Investigating predictors of pathological anxiety in students. medical University Tehran, 22-24. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (Vol. 5): American psychiatric association Washington,DC. Amerio, A., Maina, G., & Ghaemi, S. (2019). Updates in treating comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 256, 433-4.40. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.015 Apgáua, L. T., & Jaeger, A. (2019). Memory for emotional information and alexithymia A systematic review. Dement Neuropsychol, 13(1), 22-30. doi:10.1590/1980-57642018dn13-010003 Armstrong, T., Zald, D. H., & Olatunji, B. O. (2011). Attentional control in OCD and GAD: Specificity and associations with core cognitive symptoms. Behaviour research and therapy, 49(11), 756-762. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.003 Ay, R., & Aytas, O. (2018). The relationship between eating attitudes and distress tolerance in obsessive compulsive disorder. Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 45, 139-142. doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000176 Azizi, A. R., Mirzaea, A., & Shams, J. (2010). Correlation between distress tolerance and emotional regulation with students smoking dependence. Research of Hakim Health System, 13, 11-18. https://www.sid.ir/paper/29476/en Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D., & Taylor, G. J. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of psychosomatic research, 38(1), 23-32. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1 Bagheri, M., Nematollah Z., Mahani, K., Pour Amrollahi, M. (2020). The Mediating Role of Alexithymia in the Relationship of Coping Strategies and Personality Traits With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. QHMS, 27(1), 62-81. doi:10.32598/hms.27.1.3355.1 Bankier, B., Aigner, M., & Bach, M. (2001). Alexithymia in DSM-IV disorder: comparative evaluation of somatoform disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression. Psychosomatics, 42(3), 235-240. doi:10.1176/appi.psy.42.3.235 Bernstein, A., Zvolensky, M. J., Vujanovic, A. A., & Moos, R. (2009). Integrating anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and discomfort intolerance: a hierarchical model of affect sensitivity and tolerance. Behav Ther, 40(3), 291-301. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2008.08.001 Besharat, M. (2008). Psychometric characteristics of Persian version of the Toronto alexithymia scale-20 in clinical and non-clinical samples. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 1-6. https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39805.html Besharat, M. (2013). Toronto alexithymia scale: Questionnaire, instruction and scoring. Developmental Psychology, 37, 90-92. https://jip.stb.iau.ir/article_512923.html?lang=en Besharat, M. A. (2007). Reliability and factorial validity of a Farsi version of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale with a sample of Iranian students. Psychological reports, 101(1), 209-220. doi:10.2466/pr0.101.1.209-220 Besharat, M. A. (2008). Psychometric Characteristics of Persian Version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale20 in Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 33. Besharat, M. A., & Mirjalili, R. S. (2014). P52: Worry, Cognitive avoidance, intolerance of uncertainty and metacognitive beliefs as transdiagnostic factors in generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2(3), 76-76. http://shefayekhatam.ir/article-1-174-en.html Cisler, J. M., Reardon, J. M., Williams, N. L., & Lohr, J. M. (2007). Anxiety sensitivity and disgust sensitivity interact to predict contamination fears. Personality and Individual differences, 42(6), 935-946. doi:10.1007%2Fs10608-009-9253-y Cougle, J. R., Timpano, K. R., Sarawgi, S., Smith, C. M., & Fitch, K. E. (2013). A multi-modal investigation of the roles of distress tolerance and emotional reactivity in obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 26(5), 478-492. doi:10.1080/10615806.2012.697156 Dadfar, M., Bolhari, J., Dadfar, k., & Bayanzadeh, S. A. (2001). Prevalence of the obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms %J Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 7(1), 27-33. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1963-en.html De Berardis, D., Serroni, N., Campanella, D., Rapini, G., Olivieri, L., Feliziani, B., . . . Di Giannantonio, M. (2015). Alexithymia, responsibility attitudes and suicide ideation among outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: an exploratory study. Comprehensive psychiatry, 58, 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.12.016 de Silva, P., Menzies, R. G., & Shafran, R. (2003). Spontaneous decay of compulsive urges: The case of covert compulsions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 129-137. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(01)00132-2 Dugas, M. J., Gagnon, F., Ladouceur, R., & Freeston, M. H. (1998). Generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary test of a conceptual model. Behaviour research and therapy, 36(2), 215-226. doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00070-3 Dugas, M. J., Marchand, A., & Ladouceur, R. (2005). Further validation of a cognitive-behavioral model of generalized anxiety disorder: Diagnostic and symptom specificity. Journal of anxiety disorders, 19(3), 329-343. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.02.002 eftekharzade, r., hosseinian, s., shams, j., & yazdi, s. m. (2016). The effectiveness of psycho education on expressed emotion and decreasing severity of diseases in patient with obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Psychological Studies, 12(2), 67-84. doi:10.22051/psy.2016.2384 Ezadikhah, Z., Ghasemkhani, H., & Fadaea, F. (2001). Investigating overt memory bias in trait anxiety and obsessive-compulsive Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 7 (27). http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1980-en.html Fazakas-DeHoog, L. L., Rnic, K., & Dozois, D. J. (2017). A cognitive distortions and deficits model of suicide ideation. Europe's journal of psychology, 13(2), 178. doi:10.5964/ejop.v13i2.1238 Garner, L. E., Van Kirk, N., Tifft, E. D., Krompinger, J. W., Mathes, B. M., Fraire, M., . . . Elias, J. A. (2018). Validation of the distress tolerance scale‐short form in obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of clinical psychology, 74(6), 916-925. doi:10.1002/jclp.22554 Gosselin, P., Langlois, F., Freeston, M. H., Ladouceur, R., Laberge, M., & Lemay, D. (2007). Cognitive variables related to worry among adolescents: Avoidance strategies and faulty beliefs about worry. Behaviour research and therapy, 45(2), 225-233. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.001 Hemming, L., Taylor, P., Haddock, G., Shaw, J., & Pratt, D. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between alexithymia and suicide ideation and behaviour. Journal of Affective Disorders, 254, 34-48. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.013 Heydarian, S., Azami, E., Sahraei, A., Mohammadi, A., & Rezaei, M. (2017). Study of alexithymia among people with low distress tolerance compared to non-clinical sample. Social Determinants of Health, 3(1), 40-45. doi:10.22037/sdh.v3i1.17158 Hodgson, R. J., & Rachman, S. (1977). Obsessional-compulsive complaints. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 15(5), 389-395. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(77)90042-0 Hooman, H. (2005). Structural equation modeling using LISREL software. Samt Publications, 80. Hsu, S. H., Collins, S. E., & Marlatt, G. A. (2013). Examining psychometric properties of distress tolerance and its moderation of mindfulness-based relapse prevention effects on alcohol and other drug use outcomes. Addict Behav, 38(3), 1852-1858. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.11.002 Jansen, M., Overgaauw, S., & De Bruijn, E. R. (2020). Social cognition and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review of subdomains of social functioning. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11, 118. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00118 Keough, M. E., Riccardi, C. J., Timpano, K. R., Mitchell, M. A., & Schmidt, N. B. (2010). Anxiety symptomatology: The association with distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity. Behavior therapy, 41(4), 567-574. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.04.002 Laposa, J. M., Collimore, K. C., Hawley, L. L., & Rector, N. A. (2015). Distress tolerance in OCD and anxiety disorders, and its relationship with anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty. Journal of anxiety disorders, 33, 8-14. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.04.003 Mahmood Alilou, A. (2006). Worry and its relation with checking and washing subtypes of (OCD). Contemporary psychology, 1, 3-10. https://www.sid.ir/paper/120161/en Mahmoodalilo, M. (2014). Comparison of Cognitive Variables among Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Control Group. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 9(35), 153-169. MahmudAliloo, M., Shahjooee, T., & Hashemi, Z. (2011). Comparison of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Negative Problem Orientation, Cognitive Avoidance, Positive Beliefs about Worries in Patient whit Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Control Group. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 5(20), 169-187. https://psychologyj.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_4189_710.html?lang=en McCubbin, R., & Sampson, M. (2006). The relationship between obsessive–compulsive symptoms and appraisals of emotional states. Journal of anxiety disorders, 20(1), 42-57. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.11.008 Nargesi, F., Fathi-Ashtiani, A., Davodi, I., & Ashrafi, E. (2018). The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance with obsessive-compulsive symptoms %J Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies. 8(0), 9-9. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23222840.1397.8.0.95.0 O'Kearney, R., & Nicholson, C. (2008). Can a Theory of Mind Disruption Help Explain OCD Related Metacognitive Disturbances? Behaviour Change, 25(2), 55-70. doi:10.1375/bech.25.2.55 Ong, E., & Thompson, C. (2019). The importance of coping and emotion regulation in the occurrence of suicidal behavior. Psychological reports, 122(4), 1192-1210. doi:10.1177/0033294118781855 Parker, J. D., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2001). The relationship between emotional intelligence and alexithymia. Personality and Individual differences, 30(1), 107-115. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00014-3 Parker, J. D., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2003). The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: III. Reliability and factorial validity in a community population. Journal of psychosomatic research, 55(3), 269-275. doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00578-0 Robinson, L. J., & Freeston, M. H. (2014). Emotion and internal experience in obsessive compulsive disorder: reviewing the role of alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(3), 256-271. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.03.003 Roh, D., Kim, W. J., & Kim, C. H. (2011). Alexithymia in obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical correlates and symptom dimensions. J Nerv Ment Dis, 199(9), 690-695. doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318229d209 Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2008). The cognitive avoidance questionnaire: validation of the English translation. Journal of anxiety disorders, 22(3), 355-370. . doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.04.005 Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). An investigation of factors associated with cognitive avoidance in worry. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 150-162. doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9177-3 Simons, J. S., & Gaher, R. M. (2005). The Distress Tolerance Scale: Development and validation of a self-report measure. Motivation and emotion, 29(2), 83-102. doi:10.1007/s11031-005-7955-3 Smith, A. H., Wetterneck, C. T., Hart, J. M., Short, M. B., & Björgvinsson, T. (2012). Differences in obsessional beliefs and emotion appraisal in obsessive compulsive symptom presentation. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 1(1), 54-61. doi:10.4103%2Findianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_1194_20 Smith, R., Killgore, W. D., & Lane, R. D. (2018). The structure of emotional experience and its relation to trait emotional awareness: A theoretical review. Emotion, 18(5), 670. doi:10.1037/emo0000376 Summers, B. J., Matheny, N. L., Sarawgi, S., & Cougle, J. R. (2016). Intolerance of uncertainty in body dysmorphic disorder. Body image, 16, 45-53. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.11.002 Tekel, E., & Korkman, H. (2020). Teacher Candidates' Cognitive Avoidance and Intolerance of Uncertainty Predicting Alexithymia. International Journal of Progressive Education, 16(5), 275-287. doi:10.29329/ijpe.2020.277.17 Tolin, D. F., Abramowitz, J. S., Brigidi, B. D., & Foa, E. B. (2003). Intolerance of uncertainty in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of anxiety disorders, 17(2), 233-242. doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(02)00182-2 Troy, A. S., Shallcross, A. J., Brunner, A., Friedman, R., & Jones, M. C. (2018). Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance: Effects on emotion, physiology, and perceived cognitive costs. Emotion, 18(1), 58. doi:10.1037%2Femo0000371 Uslu, U., Erensoy, H., Meterelliyoz, K. S., Aytaç, H. M., & Berkol, T. D. (2020). Obsesif kompulsif bozukluǧa sahip hastalar ile saǧlıklı bireyler arasındaki aleksitimi düzey farklılıklarının karşılaştırılması; Comparison of alexithymia level differences associated with obsessive compulsive disorder patients and healthy people. The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences, 7(2), 52. Doi: 10.4103/JNBS.JNBS_7_20 Ustundag, M., & Gokceimam, P. Ş. (2020). Temperament, character traits and alexithymia in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 5(2), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.756632 Walser, R. D., Garvert, D. W., Karlin, B. E., Trockel, M., Ryu, D. M., & Taylor, C. B. (2015). Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in treating depression and suicidal ideation in Veterans. Behaviour research and therapy, 74, 25-31. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.012 Wells, A., & Papageorgiou, C. (1998). Relationships between worry, obsessive–compulsive symptoms and meta-cognitive beliefs. Behaviour research and therapy, 36(9), 899-913. doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00070-9 Wu, C., Shi, C., Dong, W., Li, B., & Wu, R. (2018). Alexithymia, ego-dystonicity, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A path modeling analysis. Psychopathology, 51(5), 335-345. doi:10.1159/000492789 Wu, C., Shi, C., Dong, W., Li, B., & Wu, R. (2020). Association between alexithymia and immature coping styles is mediated by self-inconsistency and is correlated to obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 208(5), 377-386. doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001133 Xu, P., Opmeer, E. M., van Tol, M.-J., Goerlich, K. S., & Aleman, A. (2018). Structure of the alexithymic brain: A parametric coordinate-based meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 87, 50-55. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.004 Yousefi, N., & Monirpoor, N. (2022). The role of alexithymia and irrational beliefs in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder %J Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ). 10(12), 159-168. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2383353.1400.10.12.10.2
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,062 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 921

سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب

پیوندهای مفید

آمار

The relationship between alexithymia, cognitive avoidance, and distress tolerance with the dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms