Comparing the Efficacy of Emotion-Focused Therapy and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Impulsivity, Emotion Regulation, And Suicidal Ideation In Young People With Borderline Personality Disorder
Journal of Research in Psychopathology
مقاله 5 ، دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 19 ، 2025، صفحه 33-42 695.48 K )
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/jrp.2024.14488.1221 نویسندگان
Mohammadreza Noroozi Homayoon 1 Zahra Akhavi Samarein 2 Masoud Sadeghi 3 Mohamad Hatami Nejad* 4 Mahdi Jafari Moradlo 5 1 PhD Student in Counseling, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran2 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran4 PhD student in Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran5 MSc Family Counseling, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iranچکیده The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation on impulsivity, cognitive-emotional regulation, and suicidal thoughts in young people with borderline personality disorder.The current research is a semi-experimental type with pre-test–post-test and control group. The statistical population of this research includes people with borderline personality disorder who were referred to the psychiatric hospital in Ardabil city in the summer of 2022. The statistical sample of the research consisted of 45 people with borderline personality disorder who were selected by purposive sampling. The current survey includes three groups with at least 15 participants in each group. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of emotion-focused therapy, transcranial direct current stimulation and control group. The tools of this research included Barrett's impulsivity questionnaire, Garnefsky's cognitive-emotional regulation (CERQ), Beck Scale for Suicidal ideations (BSSI), and the research tools included emotion-focused therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation. The results of the Bonferroni test in the post-test stage indicated a significant difference between emotion-focused therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation in emotional cognitive regulation, impulsivity and suicidal thoughts; However, no significant differences were found between the two experimental groups across any of the variables. Emotion-focused therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation are effective in emotional cognitive regulation, impulsivity and suicidal thoughts in young people with borderline personality disorder; Therefore, it is suggested to use these two interventions to regulate emotional cognition, reduce impulsivity and reduce suicidal thoughts. کلیدواژهها
Emotion-focused therapy ؛ Transcranial direct current stimulation ؛ Impulsivity ؛ Cognitive-emotional regulation ؛ Suicidal thoughts borderline personality disorder
مراجع
Afsar , M., Hasani, F., & Farzad, v. (2022). The effectiveness of emotion therapy on emotion regulation and attachment styles in women with borderline personality disorder. Medical Journal of Mashhad university of Medical Sciences , 65 (2), 654-666. doi: 10.22038/mjms.2022.63257.3709
Afsar, M., Hassani, F., Farzad, V., & Golshani, F. (2021). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Emotionally-Focused Therapy (EFT) and Mindfulness-Based Schema Therapy (MBST) on Emotion Regulation in Women with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Journal of Applied Family Therapy , 2 (1), 276-262. doi: 10.22038/mjms.2021.19612
Amini, A., & Vaezmousavi, M. (2021). The Effect of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation on Athletic Performance Optimization: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Proposing a Theoretical Model. The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam , 9 (4), 81-104. doi: 10.52547/shefa.9.4.81
Amini, D., Almasi, M., & Noroozi Homayoon, M. (2022). Effectiveness of sensory-motor integration exercises and computerized cognitive rehabilitation on executive functions (working memory, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility) in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Empowering Exceptional Children , 13 (2), 95-79. doi: 10.22034/ceciranj.2022.318579.1619
APA. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Am Psychiatric Assoc , 21 (21), 591-643.
Arshadi, S., Nokani, M., Asgari, M., & Sepahvand, T. (2022). The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation of inhibitory control, transcranial direct current stimulation and combination of inhibitory control and transcranial direct current stimulation on inhibitory control and working memory in children with attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity. Journal of Research in Psychopathology , 3 (10), 35-47. doi: 10.22098/jrp.2022.10977.1108
Aziziaram, S., Basharpoor, S., Atadokht, A., & Molavi, P. (2021). The effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on improving Emotion Regulation and dysfunctional attitudes in people with Borderline Personality Disorder. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ) , 10 (7), 115-126. doi: 20.1001.1.2383353.1400.10.7.5.7
Babapour, S., Shafiabadi, A., Shamir, A. S., & Andbil, A. F. (2023). The effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality and Psychosomatic Research (JPPR) , 1 (1), 6-9. doi:10.61838/kman.jppr.1.1.2
Besharat, M. A. (2016). Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire: instruction and scoring. doi: 1054776
Betegón, E., Rodríguez-Medina, J., Del-Valle, M., & Irurtia, M. J. (2022). Emotion regulation in adolescents: Evidence of the validity and factor structure of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 19 (6), 3602. doi:10.3390/ijerph19063602
Cavelti, M., Thompson, K., Betts, J., Fowler, C., Luebbers, S., Cotton, S. M., & Chanen, A. M. (2021). Borderline personality disorder diagnosis and symptoms in outpatient youth as risk factors for criminal offenses and interpersonal violence. Journal of personality disorders , 35 (Supplement C), 23-37. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2021_35_503
Chiappini, S., Picutti, E., Alessi, M. C., Di Carlo, F., D'Andrea, G., Miuli, A., Pettorruso, M., Martinotti, G., & di Giannantonio, M. (2022). Efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation on borderline personality disorder core symptoms: a systematic review. Journal of personality disorders , 36 (5), 505-526. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.505
Cullen, K., Thai, M., Lim, K., & Klimes-Dougan, B. (2019). Targeting rumination with combined mindful breathing and tDCS in adolescents with suicidal thoughts. Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation , 12 (2), 583. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.935
Dehghani, M., Sadeghi-Firoozabadi, V., Heidari, M., & Khatibi, A. (2022). Structural equation modeling of borderline personality disorder and alexithymia: the mediating role of depression and anxiety. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches , 16 (64), 153-169. doi: 20.1001.1.27173852.1400.16.64.14.3
Delavar, A. (2008). Research method in psychology and educational sciences. Tehran. In: Payame Noor Publications.
Ebrahimi, Z., & Azizi, Z. (2022). Investigating the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the treatment of anxiety disorder in chronic renal dialysis patients. Journal of Research in Psychopathology , 3 (8), 19-25. doi: 10.22098/jrp.2022.10331.1064
Esfahani, M., Hashemi, Y., & Alavi, K. (2015). Psychometric assessment of beck scale for suicidal ideation (BSSI) in general population in Tehran. Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran , 29 , 268. doi: PMC4715388/
Esmaeilian, N., Dehghani, M., Moradi, A., & Khatibi, A. (2020). Attention bias and working memory in people with borderline personality symptoms with and without non-suicidal self-injury. Adv Cogn Sci , 22 (1), 36-48. doi:10.30699/icss.22.1.36
Fregni, F., Boggio, P. S., Nitsche, M., Bermpohl, F., Antal, A., Feredoes, E., Marcolin, M. A., Rigonatti, S. P., Silva, M. T., & Paulus, W. (2005). Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex enhances working memory. Experimental brain research , 166 , 23-30. doi: 10.1007/s00221-005-2334-6
Gallucci, A., Lisco, A., Fabietti, C., Preti, E., Riva, P., De Panfilis, C., & Lauro, L. J. R. (2023). The regulation of emotions associated with social exclusion: modulating effects of tDCS on patients with borderline personality disorder. Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation , 16 (1), 325-326. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.607
Greenberg, L. (2014). The therapeutic relationship in emotion-focused therapy. Psychotherapy , 51 (3), 350. doi: 10.1037/a0037336
Hadley, D., Anderson, B. S., Borckardt, J. J., Arana, A., Li, X., Nahas, Z., & George, M. S. (2011). Safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of high doses of adjunctive daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in a clinical setting. The journal of ECT , 27 (1), 18-25. doi: 10.1097/yct.0b013e3181ce1a8c
Hatami Nejad, M., mirderikvand, f., & sepahvandi, m. (2024). Structural Relationships of Anxiety Sensitivity and Sense of Coherence with Readiness to Use Substances in College Students: The Mediating Role of Difficulty in Emotion Regulation [Research]. Research on Addiction , 17 (70), 149-174. doi:10.61186/etiadpajohi.17.70.149
Hatami Nejad, M., Noroozi Homayoon, M., Sadeghi, M., & Sadri Damirchi, E. (2024). Development of a student social anxiety model based on uncompromising perfectionism and experiential avoidance with a mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation. Journal of Applied Psychological Research . doi: 10.22059/japr.2024.375061.644904
Hatami Nejad, M., Sadri Damirchi, E., Akhavi Samarein, Z., Jafari Moradlo, M., & Noroozi Homayoon, M. (2024). Comparing the effectiveness of narrative therapy and emotion focused therapy on primary maladaptive schemas, impulsivity and depression in students with suicidal thoughts. Journal of Psychological Studies , 20 (3), 7-23 . doi:10.22051/psy.2024.47061.2955
Inanloo, M., Bashardoust, S., & Abolmaali Alhosseini, K. (2022). The modeling structural prediction of online games addiction based on HEXACO personality and parent-child relationships with role mediator impulsivity. Journal of Applied Family Therapy , 3 (1), 285-310. doi:10.22034/aftj.2022.293484.1131
Javid, M., Mohammadi, N., & Rahimi, C. (2012). Psychometric properties of an Iranian version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11). Psychological Models and Methods , 2 (8), 23-34. doi: 20.1001.1.22285516.1391.2.8.2.1
Kahya, Y., & Munguldar, K. (2023). Difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the relationship between reflective functioning and borderline personality symptoms among non-clinical adolescents. Psychological reports , 126 (3), 1201-1220. doi:10.1177/00332941211061072
Karadag, M., & Demir, B. (2023). The impact of impulsivity and school attendance on COVID‐19 spread: A web‐based cross‐sectional questionnaire. Psychology in the Schools , 60 (5), 1581-1593. doi:10.1002/pits.22700
MacIntosh, H. B., Fletcher, K., & Ainsworth, L. (2019). Measuring mentalizing in emotionally focused therapy for couples with childhood sexual abuse survivors and their partners. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy , 18 (4), 303-329. doi;10.1080/15332691.2019.1590274
Masoumi, M., & Nowbakht, M. (2022). The Effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on Reducing Impulsivity in women with Comorbid Borderline Personality Disorder and Glass Abuse in Welfare Social Emergency Clients in Hamadan Province. Journal of Psychology New Ideas , 11 (15), 1-14. doi:1-662-en.html
Molavi, P., Aziziaram, S., Basharpoor, S., Atadokht, A., Nitsche, M. A., & Salehinejad, M. A. (2020). Repeated transcranial direct current stimulation of dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex improves executive functions, cognitive reappraisal emotion regulation, and control over emotional processing in borderline personality disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group study. Journal of Affective Disorders , 274 , 93-102. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.007
Neece, C. L., Berk, M. S., & Combs-Ronto, L. A. (2013). Dialectical behavior therapy and suicidal behavior in adolescence: linking developmental theory and practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 44 (4), 257. doi: 10.1037/a0033396
Nejad, M. H., Damirchi, E. S., Sadeghi, M., & Homayoon, M. N. (2025). Developing a Model of Experiential Avoidance Based on Childhood Trauma and Victimization, Mediated by Insecure Attachment Styles. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation , 100513. doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100513
Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A., Paulus, W., Hummel, F., Boggio, P. S., & Fregni, F. (2008). Transcranial direct current stimulation: state of the art 2008. Brain stimulation , 1 (3), 206-223. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004
Noroozi Homayoon, M., Almasi, M., Sadri Damirchi, E., & Hatami Nejad, M. (2023). Comparing the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation and repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation treatment on working memory, impulsivity and self-harm behaviors in people with borderline personality. Neuropsychology , 8 (31), 1-19. doi:10.30473/clpsy.2023.65222.1678
Noroozi Homayoon, M., Hatami Nejad, M., & Sadri Damichi, E. (2024). The effectiveness of psychodrama group therapy and cognitive behavioral play therapy on executive functions (working memory, response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and emotional self regulation) in male students with social anxiety disorder. Neuropsychology , 9 (35). doi:10.30473/clpsy.2024.68482.1710
Noroozi Homayoon, M., Hatami Nejad, M., Sadri Damirchi, E., & Sadeghi, M. (2024). Comparing the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Improving Executive Functions and Impulsivity in Male Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Neuropsychology , 10 (37) . doi:10.30473/clpsy.2024.71022.1742
Perrotta, G. (2020). Borderline personality disorder: Definition, differential diagnosis, clinical contexts, and therapeutic approaches. Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment , 4 (1), 043-056. doi:10.17352/apt.000020
Rodas, J. A., Jara-Rizzo, M. F., Greene, C. M., Moreta-Herrera, R., & Oleas, D. (2022). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological distress during lockdown due to COVID-19. Int J Psychol , 57 (3), 315-324. doi:10.1002/ijop.12818
Sabri, V., Yaghubi, H., Hasani, J., & Mahmodalilo, M. (2022). The effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional schema therapy on reducing the symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Clinical Psychology and Personality , 19 (2), 1-16. doi: 10.22070/cpap.2021.13899.1048
Sadri Damirchi, E., Zakibakhsh Mohammadi, N., & Basir Amir, S. M. (2019). The role of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, self-efficacy and ego strength in predicting suicidal ideation of nurses. Health in emergencies and disasters quarterly , 4 (2), 85-92. doi:10.32598/hdq.4.2.85
Saeidmanesh, M., & Demehri, F. (2022). effectiveness of emotionally focused therapy (eft) on nightmare and emotional instability in people with borderline personality disorder. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ) , 11 (10), 119-128. doi:20.1001.1.2383353.1401.11.10.11.6
Salehi, H., Hoseinian, S., & Yazdi, S. M. (2021). The relationship between successful marriage and self-differentiation: The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Journal of Woman and Family Studies , 9 (4), 63-78. doi:10.22051/jwfs.2021.34813.2635
Siroos, M., Mirzaian, B., & Hasanzadeh, R. (2021). The effectiveness of functional analytical therapy on controlling, expressing and internalizing anger in patients with a borderline personality disorder. International Journal of Health Studies , 12-16. doi:10.22100/ijhs.v7i4.877
Söderholm, J. J., Socada, J. L., Rosenström, T. H., Ekelund, J., & Isometsä, E. (2023). Borderline personality disorder and depression severity predict suicidal outcomes: A six‐month prospective cohort study of depression, bipolar depression, and borderline personality disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 148 (3), 222-232. doi:10.1111/acps.13586
Sorgi‐Wilson, K. M., & McCloskey, M. S. (2022). Emotion regulation strategies among individuals with borderline personality disorder relative to other groups: A review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy , 29 (5), 1655-1678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2738
Stoffers-Winterling, J., Storebø, O. J., & Lieb, K. (2020). Pharmacotherapy for borderline personality disorder: an update of published, unpublished and ongoing studies. Current Psychiatry Reports , 22 , 1-10. doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01164-1
Strickland, J. C., & Johnson, M. W. (2021). Rejecting impulsivity as a psychological construct: A theoretical, empirical, and sociocultural argument. Psychological review , 128 (2), 336. doi:10.1037/rev0000263
Torabi, F., & Mortazaeedarsara, Z. (2022). The effect of direct brain electrical stimulation on concentration and the record of pistol shooter. Journal of Sports and Motor Development and Learning , 13 (4), 407-425. doi: 10.22059/jmlm.2021.328654.1601
Zafaranchizadeh Moqadam, M., Mojtabaie, M., & Bashardoust, S. (2022). Study of the relationship between dark triad of personality with cold empathy with mediating role of emotional and cognitive theory of mind in individuals with borderline personality disorder symptoms. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches , 17 (65), 129-142. doi:10.22034/jmpr.2022.14882
Zohrabi, M., & Sarafraz, M. R. (2021). Impulsivity Prediction Model: The Role of Perfectionism Dimensions and Coping Strategies. Military Psychology , 12 (47), 89-108. doi:0.1001.1.25885162.1400.12.47.5.8
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,215
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 101
