Investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on cognitive flexibility and distress tolerance in divorced women
Journal of Family Relations Studies
مقاله 4 ، دوره 4، شماره 13 ، تیر 2024، صفحه 32-39 501.69 K )
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/jfrs.2024.13635.1144 نویسنده
Amir Hamzeh Khorasani*
چکیده Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on cognitive flexibility and distress tolerance in divorced women.Methods: The study population consisted of all divorced women in Damghan City in 2020, from which 30 individuals were randomly selected and assigned to the control and experimental groups (15 individuals in each group). The Distress Tolerance Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and Positive Psychotherapy Protocol were used to collect the data, and the ANCOVA test was used to analyze the data. The ANCOVA results showed that the intervention group obtained significantly higher scores in cognitive flexibility and distress tolerance than the control group (p<0.01).Results: According to the findings, cognitive flexibility and distress tolerance significantly increased in the experimental group. According to the findings of the present study, positive psychotherapy and improvement of psychological components such as psychological flexibility and distress tolerance can play an important role in improving the mental health of divorced women.Conclusion: By focusing on talents and abilities, a positive therapeutic approach can use the potential capacities of people in order to improve psychological problems to a significant extent.کلیدواژهها
positive psychotherapy ؛ cognitive flexibility ؛ distress tolerance ؛ divorced women
مراجع
Almardani Someeh, S., Azemoudeh, M., Abdi, R., & Hoseini Nasab, S. D. (2023). Comparing the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy on alexithymia of divorced women referring to welfare. Journal of Family Relations Studies . Doi:10.22098/JFRS.2023.13725.1147
Araghian, S., Nejat, H., Touzandehjani, H., & Golmakani, Z. B. (2020). Comparing the effectiveness of quality of life therapy and compassion-focused therapy on the quality of interpersonal relationships and distress tolerance in women with marital conflict. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health . Doi:10.22038/JFMH.2020.15917
Carbonella, J. Y., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Examining the link between hoarding symptoms and cognitive flexibility deficits. Behavior therapy , 47 (2), 262-273. Doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.11.003
Carr, A., Cullen, K., Keeney, C., Canning, C., Mooney, O., Chinseallaigh, E., & O’Dowd, A. (2021). Effectiveness of positive psychology interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The journal of positive psychology , 16 (6), 749-769. Doi:10.1080/17439760.2020.1818807
Chen, I.-H., Niu, S.-F., Yeh, Y.-C., Chen, I.-J., & Kuo, S.-F. (2022). Psychological distress among immigrant women who divorced: Resilience as a mediator. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing , 39 , 1-6. Doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2021.11.006
Cohn, M. A., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2010). In search of durable positive psychology interventions: Predictors and consequences of long-term positive behavior change. The journal of positive psychology , 5 (5), 355-366. Doi:10.1080/17439760.2010.508883
Dambrun, M., & Dubuy, A. L. (2014). A positive psychology intervention among long‐term unemployed people and its effects on psychological distress and well‐being. Journal of Employment Counseling , 51 (2), 75-88. Doi:10.1002/j.2161-1920.2014.00043.x
Dennis, J. P., & Vander Wal, J. S. (2010). The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive therapy and research , 34 , 241-253. Doi:10.1007/s10608-009-9276-4
Ding, D., Gale, J., Bauman, A., Phongsavan, P., & Nguyen, B. (2021). Effects of divorce and widowhood on subsequent health behaviours and outcomes in a sample of middle-aged and older Australian adults. Scientific Reports , 11 (1), 15237. Doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93210-y
Donaldson, S. I., Lee, J. Y., & Donaldson, S. I. (2019). Evaluating positive psychology interventions at work: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology , 4 (3), 113-134. Doi:10.1007/s41042-019-00021-8
Esmaeilinasab M, A. K. A., Azarmi H, Samar Rakhi A. (2014). The Predicting Role of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance in Students’ Addiction Potential. etiadpajohi , 8 (29), 49-63. Doi:etiadpajohi.ir/article-1-607-fa.html
Feizikhah, F., Hassanzadeh, R., & Abbasi, Q. (2021). Comparing the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with resilience training on the sense of personal cohesion and emotional divorce in women seeking divorce. Social Health , 8 (2), 155-166. https:// jdisabilstud.org/article-1-2379-en.html
Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American psychologist , 60 (7), 678. Doi:10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678
Ghorbani Amir, H. A., Moradi, O., Arefi, M., & Ahmadian, H. (2019). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive-emotional regulation, resilience, and self-control strategies in divorced women. Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology , 6 (4), 195-202. Doi:10.22037/ch.v7i2.25857
Jafari, E., & RashediAsl, A. P. k., F. & Esmaeili, A. (2023). The Effectiveness of Forgiveness Therapy on The Mental Health and Marital Intimacy of Couples Seeking Divorce (Persian)]. Journal of Family Relations Studies , 3 (11), 4-12. Doi:10.22098/JFRS.2023.13484.1139
Johnco, C., Wuthrich, V., & Rapee, R. (2014). The influence of cognitive flexibility on treatment outcome and cognitive restructuring skill acquisition during cognitive behavioural treatment for anxiety and depression in older adults: Results of a pilot study. Behaviour research and therapy , 57 , 55-64. Doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.005
Keshavarz Mohammadi, R. (2018). Effectiveness of self-compassion on distress tolerance, emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity in divorced women. Family Pathology, Counseling and Enrichment Journal , 4 (1), 17-32. Doi:fpcej.ir/article-1-170-en.html
Keyes, C. L., & Simoes, E. J. (2012). To flourish or not: Positive mental health and all-cause mortality. American journal of public health , 102 (11), 2164-2172. Doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300918
Khazaei, S., & Bababei, M. (2022). The role of cognitive flexibility and religious coping strategies in predicting divorce of women with betrayal experiences. Journal of Family Relations Studies , 2 (4), 4-12. https://jhrs.uma.ac.ir/article
Khodabakhash, R., Khosravi, Z., & Shahangian, S. (2015). Effect of positive psychotherapy in depression symptoms and character strengths in cancer affected patients. Positive psychology research , 1 (1), 35-50. Doi:https://ppls.ui.ac.ir/article_18993.html?lang=en
Lakani, N., & Akbari, B. (2021). The Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on Emotional Regulation, Cognitive Flexibility and Mental Happiness of Internet Addicted Students. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences , 64 (3), 3421-3438. Doi:10.22038/mjms.2021.18898
Leopold, T., & Kalmijn, M. (2016). Is divorce more painful when couples have children? Evidence from long-term panel data on multiple domains of well-being. Demography , 53 (6), 1717-1742. Doi:10.1007/s13524-016-0518-2
Lin, I. F., & Brown, S. L. (2020). Consequences of later‐life divorce and widowhood for adult well‐being: A call for the convalescence model. Journal of Family Theory & Review , 12 (2), 264-277. Doi:10.1111/jftr.12366
Lyubomirsky, S., & Layous, K. (2013). How do simple positive activities increase well-being? Current directions in psychological science , 22 (1), 57-62. Doi:10.1177/0963721412469809
Magyar-Moe, J. L. (2009). Therapist's guide to positive psychological interventions . Academic press. Doi:https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-00745-000
Mandemakers, J. J., Monden, C. W., & Kalmijn, M. (2010). Are the effects of divorce on psychological distress modified by family background? Advances in Life Course Research , 15 (1), 27-40. Doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2010.08.002
Mashak, R., Naderi, F., & Chinaveh, M. (2021). The effectiveness of “positive psychotherapy” on self-compassion, self-criticism, perception of suffering and psychological distressing of infertile women. Journal of Health Promotion Management , 10 (6), 12-27. https://jhpm.ir/article-1-1353-en.html
Mikaeli, N., Rahimi, S., & Sedaghat, M. (2018). The role of family communication patterns, motivational structure and psychological flexibility in predicting couples' emotional divorce. Family Pathology, Counseling and Enrichment Journal , 4 (1), 1-16. Doi:http://fpcej.ir/article-1-195-en.html
Moradi, Z., & Sadeghi, M. (2018). Comparison of the effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy with acceptance-based therapy and commitment to the character traits of women with rheumatoid arthritis. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry , 7 (3), 32-49. https://shenakht.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=923&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Morrish, L., Rickard, N., Chin, T. C., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2018). Emotion regulation in adolescent well-being and positive education. Journal of Happiness Studies , 19 , 1543-1564. Doi:10.1007/s10902-017-9881-y
Moskowitz, J. T., Cheung, E. O., Freedman, M., Fernando, C., Zhang, M. W., Huffman, J. C., & Addington, E. L. (2021). Measuring positive emotion outcomes in positive psychology interventions: A literature review. Emotion Review , 13 (1), 60-73. Doi:10.1177/1754073920950811
Rad, N. Y., Toozandehjani, H., & Golmakani, Z. B. (2020). Comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and compassion-focused therapy on forgiveness and ambiguity tolerance in divorce-seeking women. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health , 22 (6). Doi:10.22038/JFMH.2020.17656
Richardson, C. M., & Jost, S. A. (2019). Psychological flexibility as a mediator of the association between early life trauma and psychological symptoms. Personality and individual differences , 141 , 101-106. Doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.12.029
Salari Far, M., & Fattahi, R. (2021). The role of mediator of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and marital satisfaction. Journal of Islamic and psychological researches , 7 (15), 71-88. Doi:journals.ueae.ir/article_123.html?lang=en
Seery, M. D., Holman, E. A., & Silver, R. C. (2010). Whatever does not kill us: cumulative lifetime adversity, vulnerability, and resilience. Journal of personality and social psychology , 99 (6), 1025. Doi:10.1037/a0021344
Seligman, M. E., Rashid, T., & Parks, A. C. (2006). Positive psychotherapy. American psychologist , 61 (8), 774 . Doi:10.1037/0003-066X.61.8.774
Shafiei, M., Basharpour, S., & Heydari Rad, H. (2016). Comparing dysfunctional attitude and cognitive flexibility between women with and without a history of divorce. Woman and Culture , 8 (30), 103-112. Doi:jwc.ahvaz.iau.ir/article_529399.html?lang=en
Shujja, S., Akram, A., Holzapfel, J., & Randall, A. K. (2022). Perceived ex-husband rejection and psychological distress among pakistani remarried women following divorce: Does emotional intelligence moderate? Current Psychology , 41 (2), 631-642. Doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00601-6
Simons, J. S., & Gaher, R. M. (2005). The Distress Tolerance Scale: Development and validation of a self-report measure. Motivation and emotion , 29 (2), 83-102. Doi:10.1007/s11031-005-7955-3
Soltani, E., Shareh, H., Bahrainian, S. A., & Farmani, A. (2013). The mediating role of cognitive flexibility in correlation of coping styles and resilience with depression. Pajoohandeh Journal , 18 (2), 88-96. https://pajoohande.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-1518-en.html
Stemmler, A., Staehle, R., Heinemann, T., Bender, M., & Hennig, J. (2021). Positive psychology interventions in in-patients with depression: influences of comorbidity and subjective evaluation of the training programme. BJPsych Open , 7 (4), e109. Doi:10.1192/bjo.2021.65
Tejada-Gallardo, C., Blasco-Belled, A., Torrelles-Nadal, C., & Alsinet, C. (2020). Effects of school-based multicomponent positive psychology interventions on well-being and distress in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 49 (10), 1943-1960. Doi:10.1007/s10964-020-01289-9
Zmigrod, L., Zmigrod, S., Rentfrow, P. J., & Robbins, T. W. (2019). The psychological roots of intellectual humility: The role of intelligence and cognitive flexibility. Personality and individual differences , 141 , 200-208. Doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.01.016
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 648
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 670
