Eating disorders and body image in athlete and non-athlete females
Journal of Research in Psychopathology
مقاله 6 ، دوره 4، شماره 14 ، 2023، صفحه 46-50 646.21 K )
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22098/jrp.2022.9063.1033 نویسندگان
Sara Taghizadeh Hir* 1 Seyfollah Aghajani 2 Mehrdad Hasanzadeh 3 1 PhD Student of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran2 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran3 Master of psychology and education of exceptional children, Payme Noor University, Ardabil, Iranچکیده Eating disorders and body image significantly impact the physical and mental health of females. This study aimed to compare eating disorders and body image between athlete and non-athlete females. The research design employed a casual-comparative approach. The statistical population included all female students at Mohaghegh Ardebili University in 2019, with 30 female students from the physical education selected through convenience sampling as the athlete group. Additionally, 30 female students without regular physical activity were chosen as the non-athlete group. Data were collected using the Eating Attitudes Questionnaire-26 and the Self-Body Multidimensional Relationship Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of variance using SPSS software, Version 22. The results revealed that mean scores of eating disorders in female athletes were lower than those in non-athlete females, while the mean scores of body image in athlete females were higher than in non-athlete females (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that exercise can contribute to the reduction of eating disorders and improvement of body image in females. کلیدواژهها
Eating disorders ؛ Body image ؛ Females ؛ Athletes ؛ Non-athletes
مراجع
Ahmadnia, SH., & Fomoudipoor, R. Examining the body image of high school adolescents and the factors affecting it. Allame Tabatabei University, Tehran, 2008
Andrew, R., Tiggemann, M., & Clark, L. (2015). The protective role of body appreciation against media-induced body dissatisfaction. Body Image , 15, 98–104. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.07.005
Blum, M., Johnson, B., & Rodgers, M. (2010). Body Image Perception in Athletes versus Non-Athletes. Health and Human Performance: Senior Seminar.
Bissell, K. (2004). What do these messages really mean? Sports media exposure, sports participation, and body image distortion in women between the ages of 18 and 75. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81, 108–123. doi:10.1177%2F107769900408100108
Bratland-Sanda, S., & Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2013). Eating disorders in athletes: Overview of prevalence, risk factors and recommendations for prevention and treatment. European Journal of Sport Science , 13(5), 499–508. doi:10.1080/17461391.2012.740504
Blundell, J.E., Gibbons, C., Caudwell, P., Finlayson, G., & Hopkins, M. (2015). Appetite control and energy balance: impact of exercise. Obes Rev; 16:67–76. doi: 10.1111/obr.12257
Childs, E., & de Wit, H. (2014). Regular exercise is associated with emotional resilience to acute stress in healthy adults. Front Physiol; 5: 161. doi:10.3389%2Ffphys.2014.00161
Cash, T. F. (2000). Users’ manual for the Multidimensional BodySelf Relations Questionnaire, the Situational Inventory of Body-Image Dysphoria, and the Appearance Schemas Inventory . (3rd ed) Norfolk, VA: Old Dominion Univer. Press.
Cooper, M., Reilly, E.E., Siegel, J.A., Coniglio, K., SadehSharvit, S., Pisetsky, E.M., Anderson, L.M. (2020). Eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine: an overview of risks and recommendations for treatment and early intervention. Eating Disord , 1-23. doi:10.1080/10640266.2020.1790271
Delavar, A. (2013). Research methods in psychology and educational sciences. Thirty-ninth edition, Tehran: Edited publication. [In Persian]
Drenowatz, C., Evensen, L.H., Ernstsen, L., Blundell, J.E., Hand, G.A., Shook, R.P., & et al. (2017). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between different exercise types and food cravings in free-living healthy young adults. Appetite; 118:82–89. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.006
Elmquist, J., Shorey, R. C., Anderson, S. E., & Stuart, G. L. (2017). A preliminary investigation of the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and eating disorder symptoms among men in residential substance use treatment. Addict Research Theory , 25(1): 67-73. doi:10.1080%2F16066359.2016.1198475
Garner, D.M., Garfinkel, P.E., Olmsted, M. P., & Bohr, Y. (1982). The Eating Attitudes Test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine , 12(4): 871-8. doi:10.1017/S0033291700049163
Hausenblas, A., & Downs, S. (2001). Comparison of Body Image between Athletes and nonathletes, A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 13(3): 323-339. doi:10.1080/104132001753144437
Hausenblas, H. A., & Fallon, E. A. (2006). Exercise and body image: A meta-analysis. Journal of Health psychology , 21(1): 33-47. doi:10.1080/14768320500105270
Halliwell, E. (2015). Future directions for positive body image research. Body Image, 14, 177–189. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.003
Hone-Blanchet, A., & Fecteau, S. (2014). Overlap of food addiction and substance use disorders definitions: analysis of animal and human studies. Neuropharmacology; 85:81–90. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.05.019.
Helmich, I., Latini, A., Sigwalt, A., Carta, MG., Machado, S., Velasques, B., & et al. (2010). Neurobiological alterations induced by exercise and their impact on depressive disorders. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health: CP & EMH; 6(1):115–25. doi:10.2174/ 1745017901006010115.
King, N.A., Horner, K., Hills, A.P., Byrne, N.M., Wood, R.E., Bryant, E., & et al. (2012). Exercise, appetite and weight management: understanding the compensatory responses in eating behaviour and how they contribute to variability in exercise-induced weight loss. Br J Sports Med; 46(5):315–22. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.082495 .
Kaewporndawan, T., Pariwatcharakul, P., & Pimratana, W. (2013) Criterion validity study of the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26 Thai version) among Thai females. Journal of the Psychiatry Association of Thailand , 58(3):5–10. doi:10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.216092
Kogure, G.S, Lopes I.P., Ribeiro, V.B., Mendes, M.C., Kodato, S., Furtado, C.L.M & et al. (2020). The effects of aerobic physical exercises on body image among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Affective Disorders , doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.006
Markey, C.H., Dunaev, J.L., & August, K.J. (2020). Body image experiences in the context of chronic pain: An examination of associations among perceptions of pain, body dissatisfaction, and positive body image. BodyImage , 32:103-10. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.11.005
Mollazadeh Esfahani, R., Arazi, H., Rohi, S., & Mohammadi, S.M. (2012). Effect of regular aerobic training on eating disorders in non-athlete female students. Journal of shahid sadoughi University of medical sciences and health services , 20(3): 322-331
Michou, M., & Costarelli, V. (2011). Disordered Eating Attitudes in relation to anxiety levels, self-esteem and body image in female basketball players. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness , 9(2): 109–115. doi:10.1016/S1728-869X(12)60006-9
McCreary, D. R., & Saucier, D. M. (2009). Drive for muscularity, body comparison, and social physique anxiety in men and women. Body image Journal , 6(1): 24-30. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.09.002
Pope, H. G., Khalsa, J. H., & Bhasin, S. (2017). Body Image Disorders and Abuse of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids among Men. Journal of the American Medical Association , 317(1): 23-4. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.17441
Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna); 116(6):777–84 .doi:10.1007/s00702-008-0092-x
Stathopoulou, G., Powers, M.B., Berry, AC., Smits, J.A.J., & Otto, M.W. (2006). Exercise interventions for mental health: a quantitative and qualitative review. Clin Psychol Sci Pract; 13(2):179–93. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00021.x
Skinner, K. D., Rojas, S. M., & Veilleux, J. C. (2017). Connecting Eating Pathology with Risk for Engaging in Suicidal Behavior: The Mediating Role of Experiential Avoidance. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior ; 47(1): 3-13. doi:10.1111/sltb.12249
Sheikh, M., & Moslemi Nejad, M. (2016). Comparison of body image anxiety of athletic and nonathletic elder women: The mediator role of body index with relation to self-respect and body image anxiety. Journal of Psychological Science, 15(57): 99-112
Soulliard, Z. A., Kauffman, A. A., Fitterman- Harris, H. F., Perry, J. E., & Ross, M. J. (2019). Examining positive body image, sport confidence, flow state, and subjective performance among student athletes and non-athletes. Body Image , 28: 93-100. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.009
Stefano, E. C., Hudson, D. L., Whisenhunt, B. L., Buchanan, E. M., & Latner, J. D. (2016). Examination of body checking, body image dissatisfaction, and negative affect using Ecological momentary assessment. Eating Behaviors , 22, 51-4. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.026
Smith, A, & Petrie, T. (2008). Reducing the risk of disordered eating among female athletes: A test of alternative interventions. The Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 20(4): 392-407 doi:10.1080/10413200802241832
Tazegul, U., & Guven, O. (2018). Comparison of Body Perceptions of Athletes in the Team and Individual Branches. Universal Journal of Educational Research , 6(5): 1036-1039. doi:10.13189/ujer.2018.060524
Veses, A. M., Martínez-Gómez, D., Gómez-Martínez, S., Vicente-Rodriguez, G., Castillo, R., Ortega, F. B., & et al. (2014). Physical fitness, overweight and the risk of eating disorders in adolescent, International Association for the study of obesity. Journal of Pediatric Obesity , 9(1): 1–9. doi:10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00138.x
Wollenberg, G., Shriver, L. H., & Gates, G. E. (2015). Comparison of disordered eating symptoms and emotion regulation difficulties between female college athletes and non-athletes. Eating Behaviors . 18, 1-6. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.03.008
Wassenaar, E., Friedman, J., & Mehler, PS. (2019). Medical complications of binge eating disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 42(2):275-86. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2019.01.010
Zschucke, E., Heinz, A., Ströhle, A. (2012). Exercise and physical activity in the therapy of substance use disorders. Sci World J; 2012:19. doi:10.1100%2F2012%2F901741
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 664
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 342
